list of british prisoners in colditz
Stalag 20A was enlarged in the second half of 1941, from Torun-Podgorza in the direction of Glinki. The guard in the machinegun-tower later told other prisoners that he refrained from shooting Upham out of sheer respect.. They also organized the dates of escapes so that one group did not interfere with another. About 150 officers were preparing to get out through it. The camp was established on a military training ground in September 1939 to detain Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. Stalag XII E Metz, located at Fort Queuleu , replaced the Frontstalag 212 & was in operation for 5 months only from 20 July 1940 to 2 December 1940. From December 1944 to March 1945 STALAG 13d (XIII-D) was designated Oflag 73. (3 days confined arrest 13-16 Dec 1941). Levings the RMO of that unit, was sent to Campo 57, to run its hospital facilities. Housed up to 2,000 eastern European POWs, this was the biggest POW camp in Umbria. In May 1940 as the building work progressed small groups of Polish officers were transferred in from other POW camps. Due to various adverse factors, there were few successful escapes in the South East Asia theatre of war. It was in Stanislau, a city that until 1918 was part of Austria-Hungary in the interwar years under the Polish name Stanislawow. It was a fairly small camp with around 500 POWs, mostly Anzacs. 1 Wooden hut at Lobau with 200 British POWs. The camp, a former spa hotel, was opened in July 1940 and housed approximately 70 Allied generals and their aides. The POWs were hired out to military and civilian contractors. Ben Macintyre and his 2022 book Colditz. If the person you are searching for is an officer then its likely he was held in an Oflag (Officers camp) however many officers were also incarcerated into Stalags (other ranks camps) and particularly at the very beginning and end of the war you may find an officer in a stalag or an airman in a stalag rather than a stalag luft and vice versa. SHAEF reports from February 1945 show 6781 POWs held, all Polish. Stars: The first evacuation occurred on 29 January, 1945 in blizzard conditions. This time the sentry demanded to see their Army paybooks, so the escape party fled, although two were arrested. The camp was located at Waggum near Braunschweig in Germany, also known by the English name of Brunswick. The camp was surrendered to the Red Army on May 9, 1945. Four were recaptured. It held Norwegian officers captured in 1942 and 1943. Search them here now. Unable to unpick a lock, the prisoners escaped via a cellar which connected to ground on the far side of the camp. In May 1940 the camp was established in wooden huts at the south end of the training ground. British and Commonwealth officers and other ranks captured in North Africa, International Association of the Red Cross, professional researcher to seek these files out, services of a professionally accredited researcher, https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/hire-a-researcher/about, Household Cavalry, Combermere Barracks Windsor, Berks, database will include British and Commonwealth forces, POW Allied Prisoners of War in Europe 1939-1945, WWII POW and Internment Camps by Derek Tomlin, Many exclusive records, found only on our site, 1 on 1 Personal assistance from military photo and document experts, Access to Orbats mapping tool, allowing you to trace your WW1 ancestors steps. Then, from 1950, he served as a British MP before his untimely death in March 1979 when a car bomb exploded as he drove out of the Palace of Westminster car park. There was also a sub work camp at Casemasce di Todi for the Todi road. | They were escorted to the main gate by another prisoner, John Milner, dressed in a German officers uniform that had been found in an apparently forgotten set of attic rooms. Stalag IV-C Wistritz Bei Teplitz Bohemia Location N/E 50-13. The construction of the second camp, Lager-Ost ("East Compound") began in June 1941 to accommodate the large numbers of Soviet prisoners taken in Operation Barbarossa. Who knew that "other ranks" weren't permitted to escape? | A very large camp with over 10,000 prisoners. These are searchable by surname and sometimes by forename as well. Luftwaffe Lazarett IV/XI Wismar Mecklenberg. As with a lot of German POW camps originally this was a much smaller camp based at the ex Hitler Youth hostel set up in the castle and transformed between an officers camp only then into a stalag with all the satellite work camps I have listed here. Established in 1939 to house Polish soldiers captured in the course of the September Campaign, with time it was extended to house also Belgians, French, Italian, Serbian and Soviet soldiers. Among those officers imprisoned were 30 from Poland, 30 from France, 9 from the Netherlands, 1 from the United Kingdom, and a Colonel from Norway. Lamont Johnson Up to 22,000 prisoners who had died or been murdered, were buried in 32 mass graves within the local area of the camp. The book 'Fascism's European empire' (Italian Occupation during the second world war) by Robert Rodogna which originally used the USSME (Italian Army archives) for camp listings. During June in fact some of these camps had already been evacuated to Germany and their inmates replaced with POWs from further south. Contents of these packages were sometimes pilfered by German guards or other camp personnel, especially toward the end of the war. The huts were about 75yds by 10yds and contained two tier beds for up to 200 prisoners. In 1940 the Poles were joined by Belgian and French prisoners, and by Soviets in 1941. We have German AND Italiancamp listings in our fully searchable databases! By early 1942 they housed 7,000 prisoners from Belgium, France, Poland and Yugoslavia. 108 min They were joined by members of the Glider Pilot Regiment captured at the Battle of Arnhem in September 1944. A simple list of (mostly) British or Commonwealth war films about prisoners of war. The location listed for this hospital in the SHAEF report of February 1945: 53 degrees 45 minutes north, 14 degrees 2 minutes east. There is an extensive collection of records in the series BT 373, giving the circumstances of capture and the eventual fate of UK and Allied Asian merchant seamen captured during the Second World War. In May 1941 Oflag XIII-B was created in a separate compound for Serbian officers captured during the Balkans Campaign. Alternatively, search more than 1 million objects from More prisoners arrived in July 1944 transferred from Oflag VIII-F. On 24 August 1944 the camp was strafed by American and British aircraft. Other ranks lived 18 to a tent (made of Italian groundsheets), slept on duck-boards with straw mattresses and two Italian blankets each, and had regular though not always sufficient rations. | P.G. Six were built of brick, while the seventh was wood. Harsh conditions, malnutrition, maltreatment and recurring typhoid epidemics led to many deaths among the prisoners. Interesting new book looking at the history of Colditz when it was home to various different POW's during WW2 and the characters involved some well known others not so. After the failed Warsaw Uprising and "Operation Tempest" more prisoners were brought there from Poland. These records do not cover the entire war, the dates being: The lists of 169,000+ POWs were probably originally sent to the Casualty (PW) Branch of the Directorate of Prisoners of War in London, and also form the basis of the public record office documents. Had a subsidiarywork camp located at Poggia Cancelli. A Leipzig 4-5 storey hotel near Konig Albert park housed 89 British POWs. The camp was liberated by the Red Army on the morning of 12 April 1945. Files concerning this complex subject are dispersed over various record series and, although not exhaustive, any search should include ADM 1, ADM 116, AIR 2 (code B 89), AIR 14, AIR 20, CO 980, FO 369, WO 32 (code 91), WO 170, WO 203, WO 204 and WO 219. Jumps over wall of exercise area of Colditz town jail. 145 Terramo (Campotosto / Montorio al Vomano). On 17 April 1945, the camp was evacuated in the face of the approaching Red Army. In 1944 the Norwegian officers were located as follows: 630 in the Seminary; 290 in the high-school; 100 in the primary school; 80 in the Richter house; 30 in hospital. Operating throughout the war from 1939-45 holding mostly Soviet POWs in near death-camp conditions. New Zealand Brigadiers James Hargest and Reginald Miles esc. After this incident, Upham was considered extremely dangerous and was placed in solitary confinement. There were several escape attempts, but only two were successful. Cigarettes in the parcels became the preferred medium of exchange within most camps, cigarettes were also used to bribe German guards to provide the prisoners with outside items that would otherwise have been unavailable to them. Meanwhile, the column slowly headed east, finally crossing the River Elbe, north of Hamburg, on 18 April. The perimeter of the each compound was secured by a double barbed-wire fence, fifteen feet in height, on top of which ran a high-voltage wire. In general, the German Army complied with the provisions of the Geneva Convention regarding the care of officers of the armies of the western Allies, including Poland. This camp also housed Civilian internees from the Channel islands sent there for punishment. In late 1944/early 1945 the camp population grew enormously with the arrival of prisoners evacuated from camps in the east in front of the advance of the Red Army. The camp, located just south of Prenzlau on the main road to Berlin, and was originally built in 1936 as a barracks for Artillery Regiment 38. Most of them headed south, towards Switzerland, sleeping by day and travelling by night. Campo PG 66, on a flat stretch of ground on the outskirts of Capua, had been in use as a prisoner-of-war camp since early 1941, when a medical officer reported favourably on its food, water supply and sanitation, and the men stated that they were being well taken care of.. Importantly for other internees in the camp, among the 68 Dutch was Hans Larive with his knowledge of the Singen route. The Oflag existed only for a short time. It was intended to hold up to 20,000 Soviet POWs and was one of three such camps in the area. The following morning, one of those trains stopped outside the station of Modena and a number of the POWs in a variety of ways took leave of the train and scarpered into the surrounding undergrowth. Several single story stone buildings here near the Village of Erika, about 290 British POWs worked nearby at a local Briquette factory, there was also a large mine in this area. The tunnel was completed in May, and on the night of 3/4 June 1943 sixty-five men escaped. Tran Van Khe, Approved Internally, it was divided in half by a road running east-west, the Ziegelkampstrae. Camp E715 Buna/Monowitz where POWs worked alongside Jewish inmates from the adjacent Auschwitz III KZ (Konzentrationslager) -otherwise known as Extermination through work (Vernichtung durch Arbeit) camp. A very unique window into WWII, as well as into prison life. Use on websites that are primarily information-led, research-oriented and not behind a paywall. Muhlhausen Opened in February 1940 and closed on 29/3/45, the hospital was located at Bad Sulza. There were about 500 Soviets, 200 Frenchmen, 100 Americans and 25 Canadians in the march. It is possible that the large number or escape attempts and the close proximity to the Swiss border (only 110 km/68 miles away) prompted the authorities to move the prisoners. The castle was home to some 400 officers for much of the war yet, despite the security measures in place, there were a number of significant attempts at escape made. Allied prisoners - British, Dutch, French and Polish - pool their resources to plan numerous escapes from the "escape-proof" German P.O.W. | | On April 27, 1942, all the Poles were transferred to other camps, mostly to Oflag VII-A Murnau. In March 1945 a large group of prisoners arrived in deplorable condition after marching the 500 miles from Stalag VIII-D in severe winter conditions. Terms of Service apply. While the plans to question all liberated POWs never materialised, these records still represent a large percentage of those in enemy hands in 1945. In good weather there was a fine view of the Alps to the south. A Polish civilian worker at the farm had helped them by hiding civilian clothes for them. Although partially demolished during the 1920s, it was used to accommodate about 750 men. Up to 6,000 POWS housed in this camp, 30 miles Northeast of Naples. According to the German Security Officer, Captain Reinhold Eggers, the Dutch officers appeared to be model prisoners at first. Enlarge It is now known as Sankt Johann im Pongau. With so many escape-prone prisoners housed together it was inevitable that they would plan escapes. There was much zigzagging, to escape the encroaching Soviet Red Army from the east. The camp opened in May 1941 as Oflag 68, but was renamed Stalag I-F in June 1942. In each of the barracks surrounded by barbed wire lived 140-200 people. Infamous for the unprecedented murder under the orders of Hitler/Himmler by the Gestapo of 50 Prisoners of War and the attempted cover up of these murders afterwards. The prisoners were from Russia and Europe, usually the east, but including Spanish Republicans. The "horses" were wooden models that raced on a 36-foot (11 m) track, controlled by dice. In September 1943, as the Italian government neared collapse, the inmates of Sulmona heard rumours that the evacuation of the camp was imminent. On January 21, 1945, the roll call established a total of 1,471. Situated in a monastery in Bergamo district. Fascinating for history buffs! Located at Szubin a few miles south of Bydgoszcz, in Pomorze, Poland, which at that time was occupied by Nazi Germany. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google 351 officers held here as of 26/2/43originally opened April1941. The prisoners were given the remaining Red Cross parcels; you could carry as much as you could. Both questionnaires also enquire whether the prisoner witnessed or had any information about war crimes. Another camp which had housed Austrian POWs in WWI & reopened as a POW camp in August 1940. who wins student body president riverdale. Marlag und Milag Nord was a World War II German prisoner-of-war camp complex for men of the British Merchant Navy and Royal Navy. It was used by the Nazi Organisation Todt, a forced labour programme, to build bunkers, gun emplacements, air-raid shelters, and concrete fortifications. The Geneva convention comprised a few other agreements made concerning Prisoners of war, notably the Hague regulations of 1899 and 1907 and the pre-war version which was initially signed on July 27th 1929. George Segal, District XIX Nearest city Leipzig in the east of Germany. | Nominee for Best History & Biography (2022). The camp was created in September 1939. A little known detail is that although Germany signed the agreement on the date of the issue they ratified it in 1934 (- after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor in March 1933)! | Some 20 miles (32 km) north of Genoa, this was a fortress on top of the hill overlooking the town. 49 British POWs held at the local Railway Station of Elstorwerda- Biela. The nearest large city is Kaliningrad (formerly Konigsberg). We are particularly interested in lists of names and individual photographs, letters and diaries of this period. 00:00. Records of the ICRC are in FO 916, continued in WO 224. In the south-western corner of the camp, separated by a barbed-wire fence, were two hospital blocks, the shower/delousing block, and the detention block. The officers received monthly wages paid in the so-called lagergeld corresponding to the value of brands circulation. Infrastructure of the camp consisted of four two-storey blocks, a gymnasium, two administrative buildings, four garages, and a large parade ground. This road (the SS448/Due Mari) is now reached via the E45 Autostrada 1st exit after Perugia. 3,788 POWs recorded here on 26th February 1943, originally opened July 1942. PG 106/1 Molinetto, San Dominano, Palestrino/collabanio, Selvi/Salasco, Tenuta Veneria/Lignano, Castell Apertole, Castell Merlino, Tenuta Palestro, Tenuta Castellone, Langosca a busonegno/villaboit, Viancino, Foglietta, Carpenetto/Bianze, Petiva/San Germano, Vallasino/Olcenegno, Cascina Oschiena. By February 1941 there were 3,166 officers and 565 orderlies in the camp. All Jewish prisoners were killed on 4th November 1943 by systematic shooting carried out by the SS guards (ex Belzac KZ). The files WO 208/5437-5450 contain the second, more specific, 'pink' questionnaire that followed on from those in WO 344. In June 1940 additional forts were added to the camp to accommodate British soldiers. With an area of about 7 hectares (17 acres) the camp was divided into two compounds: Lager A which contained four three-storey prisoner blocks, and an administration and canteen block, and Lager B which contained various garages and workshops, some of which were used as additional prisoner accommodation. If so they were required to complete a form 'Q'. Walk towards gate disguised as German officer, Escaped through window of solitary confinement, Escaped from Zeitz Hospital, recaptured then escaped en route to Dsseldorf prison, Under theatre out of guardhouse as German officers, Escaped from military hospital in Gnaschwitz, Broke into German quarters to steal uniform, Replaced French orderly on working party. Andrew V. McLaglen Bari Transit camp, one work camp, located nearby. Some escapees fled northwards towards Switzerland or southwards towards allied lines. Newly released documents at The National Archives show the three remarkable and successful escape attempts made by three British-born Officers - Flight Lieutenant Hedley S Fowler, Lieutenant. Edward Underdown, Not Rated Allied prisoners of war plan for several hundred of their number to escape from a German camp during World War II. They slept on the bare bunks, without blankets, in unheated areas and in very cramped conditions. | Upham was soon recaptured and sent to the infamous Oflag IV-C (Colditz) on 14 October 1944. 52 Pian di Coreglia (Chiabati, Genoa). In Germany, only those POWs from Britain, France, the Low Countries, the US, the Commonwealth and a few selected other countries were treated with any reference to the Geneva Convention's rules. The camp where the POWs were quartered was located on a large plain. At the peak there were about 10,000 prisoners at the camp. Colditz was meant to be totally secure and the Nazis were sure that no one would ever break those bonds. A sub-camp Stalag XVIII-A/Z was later opened in Spittal an der Drau about 100 km (62 mi) to the west. Stalag XVII B held soldiers of ten different nationalities throughout the war. Michael Wilding, We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. The bulk of the correspondence that has been preserved (and not all of it has been) is in FO 371. May 1941 more prisoners arrived from the Balkans Campaign, mostly British and Serbians. The camp itself was large, but it was split up into nationalities, British, Poles, Indians, and Soviets. I loved the way he explores the culture of the camp as well, looking at the ways race and sexuality and class defined the war experience of so many. In Rommel's second offensive on Tobruk in June 1942, most of the South African 2nd Division was captured. | After an eight-week 500 kilometres (310 mi) march in bitterly cold weather they reached Stalag X-B and Marlag und Milag Nord in Sandbostel. To relieve overcrowding, some of the officers were transferred to Oflag VII-C/Z in Tittmoning Castle. In June 1943 it was renamed Stalag Luft VI and used to hold British and Canadian Air Force NCOs, and from February 1944, also Americans. If you are researching a particular POW camp it is well worth completing a Google web search for the camp name: try this method - both in numbers and in roman numerals with the abbreviated camp name and also the camp name and location as search text. | To the north of the road were seven prisoner accommodation blocks. This march was one of the "Long Marches". A harrowing account of the forced marches from some of the easternmost POW camps during the last days of the war. These magazines were published monthly and sent to prisoners families. Disguised as members of the league of German girls. The camp of huts near Fallingbostel became known as Stalag XI-B and was to become one of the Wehrmacht's largest prisoner of war (POW) camps, holding up to 95,000 prisoners from various countries. The first contained Allied prisoners in unsatisfactory conditions, but generally in compliance with the International Red Cross Convention. The first British and Commonwealth prisoners arrived in July 1941 from a transit camp in Thessaloniki, Greece, having been captured during the battles of Greece and Crete. Opened September 1939, closed January 1942. With John Mills, Eric Portman, Frederick Valk, Denis Shaw. Richard Attenborough, Approved Those prisoners are extremely interesting. Kriegslazarett Kriegslazarett-Abteilung 604 - Military Hospital in theRheinpaltz area. A huge camp with many compounds and work sites away from the main camp, in fams and factories, partially within the old castle of Malbork. Also noted as 'Sforza costa Liguria' elsewhere, although this may be a mistake as PG 56 was in this location. Colditz Castle 1943. After the Armistice, anybody wishing to leave the camp was forcibly prevented from doing so under the orders of the senior British officer who was following to the letter the orders of Allied HQ to remain in the camp and await the arrival of Allied forces. | Unfortunately COVID-19 has significantly delayed progress on the project, which requires consultation of original documents at Kew. Food was very scarce and below starvation rations. | Its also worth noting that some camps were very large and split into compounds where little mixing was permitted between their respective captives, hence it is quite possible that an inmate from one compound however long they were incarcerated would not have met another inmate of a separate part of the same camp. Timothy Bottoms, At the instigation of the U.S. and Swiss governments, the International Committee of the Red Cross put pressure on the German government not to keep civilian non-combatants in a POW camp. Camps in Italy were normally prefixed PG prigionieri di guerra (prisoner of war), however the full title is campo concentramento prigionieri di guerra hence abbreviations may have the title Campo 57 or PG 57 etc so CC is also commonly used. (Much of the information from the Wo229 SHAEF reports was directly from the Swiss Red Cross representatives who had visited the camps and work commandos themselves). 5879272 Sergeant C H Jones Pioneer Regiment died 15/8/1942. 43449 (6486 British) POWs with 661 officers held here. Another SHAEF report on camp strengths dated February 1945 showed: 986 British, 1734 US, 9486 Soviets,9 Belgian, 2 Polish,1665 Yugoslavs,1449 Italians and 15692 French were at this camp. Other nominal card indexes are located in the Document Reading Room at The National Archives. Oflag 79 was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp for Allied officers. In February 1945s SHAEF report it had 2750 POWs all Belgian. Other reports on POW camps are held in CO 980 and HO 215. An alphabetical list of British and Dominion Air Force PoWs in German hands in 1944-1945 is in AIR 20/2336. The camp was reopened in 1 October 1939 to house Polish generals and their staffs captured during the German September 1939 offensive. Like the Soviets they were not accorded the protection of the Third Geneva Convention and were housed next to them. 'Under construction' on USSME reports of late 1943 it appears this camp was relocated possibly from Bolzano to Acquapendente (Viterbo) at some point. The castle sits on a steep hill overlooking the Mulde River as it flows through the small Saxon town of Colditz, about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Leipzig. the areas where Stalags began with the number II), this was a forced marchaway from the soviet armys advance in awful weather, taking up to 3 months in total, up to 8,000 men some suffering with dysentry were marched away, stragglers being shot or dying of hypothermia during this ordeal. By the spring of 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever. In October 1940 the first three British prisoners were sent into the camp, they. The camp then served as a British detention centre for ex-Nazis, before finally closing in mid-1947. By the end of March 1942, some 41,000 Soviet POWs had died in these three camps of starvation, exhaustion and disease. The original content was at Category:Colditz prisoners of World War II. By February 1944 most of the officers had been transferred to other Oflags. The camp held mostly Indians and Cypriots. 17m. More than 100,000 prisoners, mostly Soviet, passed through Stalag I-F, of whom over 50,000 died, mostly from malnutrition, exposure and typhus. On 15 May 1940 most of them were transferred to Oflag IV-B Konigsteine. E902 Delbruckschachte-Hindenburg coal mine. PoWs held here previously however. Oflag IVC, Colditz, 1941. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley In June 1941 British and Commonwealth officers from the Battle of Crete and the North African Campaign arrived. Much zigzagging, to run its hospital facilities well as into prison.. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley in June 1940 additional forts were added to the Red from... In Stanislau, a city that until 1918 was part of Austria-Hungary in the interwar under. And the Nazis were sure that no one would ever break those.! Prisoners escaped via a cellar which connected to ground on the night of 3/4 1943... 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